Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) Firmware Guide
Wireless Protocols
The dominant short-range wireless protocol for IoT, wearables, and consumer devices. BLE 5.4 supports data rates up to 2 Mbps, extended advertising, and direction finding.
Key Topics
Supported Hardware
nRF52832
Cost-effective Bluetooth 5.4 SoC with 512KB Flash and 64KB RAM, ideal for wearables, beacons, and low-power sensor applications.
View platformnRF52840
Advanced multiprotocol SoC with 1MB Flash, 256KB RAM, and USB support. The go-to chip for Bluetooth 5.4, Thread, Zigbee, and 802.15.4 applications.
View platformnRF5340
Dual-core Bluetooth 5.4 SoC with dedicated application and network processors. 1MB Flash + 512KB RAM on the application core, with hardware security via ARM TrustZone.
View platformnRF54L15
Next-generation ultra-low-power Bluetooth 5.4 SoC with RISC-V and ARM Cortex-M33 cores. Designed for ultra-constrained battery-powered devices.
View platformESP32
Dual-core Wi-Fi and Bluetooth combo chip with extensive peripheral support. One of the most popular IoT microcontrollers for prototyping and production.
View platformESP32-S3
AI-capable dual-core MCU with vector instructions for neural network acceleration, Wi-Fi, and BLE 5.0. Ideal for AIoT edge computing applications.
View platformESP32-C3
Cost-effective RISC-V single-core Wi-Fi and BLE 5.0 chip. A great choice for simple connected devices where cost and power matter.
View platformnRF52805
Ultra-compact, cost-optimized BLE 5.4 SoC with 192KB Flash and 24KB RAM. The smallest, most affordable chip in the nRF52 series for simple BLE applications.
View platformnRF52810
Cost-optimized BLE 5.4 SoC with 192KB Flash and 24KB RAM, featuring hardware SWI and NFC-A tag. Ideal for high-volume BLE peripherals and beacons.
View platformnRF52811
BLE 5.4 SoC with optional 802.15.4 and ANT support plus long-range mode (Coded PHY). Extends nRF52810 with Thread and extended-range BLE capability.
View platformnRF52820
BLE 5.4 and 802.15.4 SoC with USB 2.0 Full Speed and 256KB Flash. Bridges BLE/Thread wireless with USB at lower cost than the nRF52840.
View platformnRF52833
Full-featured BLE 5.4 + 802.15.4 SoC with 512KB Flash, 128KB RAM, USB, and NFC. Offers extended-range BLE (Coded PHY) and mid-range capability between nRF52832 and nRF52840.
View platformnRF54H20
High-performance multicore SoC with dual Cortex-M33 (application + radio) plus a RISC-V VPR core. 2MB Flash and 1MB RAM, designed for complex multiprotocol BLE + 802.15.4 applications.
View platformnRF54L05
Entry-level nRF54L series SoC with ARM Cortex-M33 and RISC-V co-processor. Ultra-low-power BLE 5.4 with 512KB Flash — the most affordable chip in the nRF54L family.
View platformnRF54L10
Mid-range nRF54L series SoC combining ARM Cortex-M33 with a RISC-V co-processor. 1MB Flash and 128KB RAM with BLE 5.4, targeting wearables and connected sensors.
View platformnRF54LM20
The flagship nRF54L series SoC built on a 22nm process, featuring a 128 MHz ARM Cortex-M33 + RISC-V co-processor with 2MB Flash and 512KB RAM — the largest memory in the nRF54L family. Supports Bluetooth LE, Matter, Thread, Zigbee, and 2.4 GHz proprietary protocols up to 4 Mbps. The nRF54LM20A variant adds 66 GPIOs and high-speed USB; the nRF54LM20B adds an integrated Axon NPU for hardware-accelerated Edge AI inference. Security includes TrustZone, CRACEN cryptographic engine with side-channel protection, and tamper detection.
View platformMore Wireless Protocols
Thread Mesh Networking
IPv6-based mesh networking protocol designed for reliable, secure, low-power IoT device communication. Thread is a foundation of the Matter smart home standard.
Learn moreLTE-M & NB-IoT Cellular
Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) cellular technologies optimized for IoT. LTE-M supports mobility and voice, while NB-IoT excels at stationary deep-indoor coverage.
Learn moreWi-Fi Connectivity
High-throughput wireless networking for IoT devices needing fast data transfer, web interfaces, or integration with existing IP infrastructure. Wi-Fi 6 brings improved efficiency.
Learn moreFrequently Asked Questions
Start building with Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)
Generate firmware documentation and code scaffolds optimized for Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) development on your chosen hardware platform.